Results

The Tearoom Trade Study
James M. DuBois
In the 1960’s, Laud Humphreys observed men having sex with men in public restrooms of parks as part of his dissertation research without disclosing his role as a researcher.

Milgram's Obedience Studies
James M. DuBois
In the early 1960’s, Stanley Milgram used deception to recruit subjects for a psychology experiment. Subjects were told that the research concerned the effect of punishment on learning, when in fact it studied obedience to authority.

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study
James M. DuBois
From 1932 through 1972, the U.S. Public Health Service enrolled African-American men in a non-therapeutic research study to observe the natural course of syphilis. Subjects were not told they had syphilis, nor were they treated for syphilis or any secondary problems. The study continued even after penicillin became the standard treatment for syphilis in the 1940’s and was not ended until 1972, when a public health official went to the press.

Hepatitis Studies at the Willowbrook State School for Children with Mental Retardation
James M. DuBois
From 1956 through 1971, residents at the Willowbrook State School for Children with Mental Retardation were infected with live hepatitis in order to develop a vaccine. Parents gave permission for their children to participate in this study, often because it guaranteed acceptance into the overcrowded facility.